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HARITH AHMAD1,2,* , KIRUBHASHNI LOGANATHAN1, NORAZRIENA YUSOFF3, MUHAMAD ZHARIF SAMION1, KAVINTHERAN THAMBIRATNAM4
This study investigated the impact of arc-shaped fibre structures coated with a composite material on a Thulium/Holmiumdoped fibre laser (THDF). Two types of arc-shaped fibres were utilised: single and dual arc. Both arc-shaped fibres were fabricated using the wheel-polishing technique. A two-step polishing process was employed for the dual arc-shaped fibre. The reduced graphene oxide/manganese oxide (rGO/Mn3O4) composite was subjected to hydrothermal treatment and then dropped onto both arc-shaped fibres. The modulation depth of rGO/Mn3O4 in a single arc-shaped fibre was 51.15% and 48.79% for the dual arc. Mode-locked pulses were generated individually by placing the saturable absorbers (SAs) in the cavity and fine-tuning the polarisation controller (PC). The pulse duration was 1.544 ps and 1.634 ps for the single and dual arc-shaped fibres. The two mode-locked pulses produced were remarkably stable, with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) exceeding 60 dB. Due to its lower insertion loss, the single arc shape fibre-based SA outperformed the dual arc in various aspects, including SNR, pulse duration, average power, and efficiency. The findings of this work provide a compelling alternative for generating ultrashort pulse lasers that are both compact in size and highly effective in performance.
Mode-locking, Saturable absorber, Single arc-shape fibre, Dual arc-shape fibre, Reduced graphene oxide/Magnesium oxide.
HARITH AHMAD, KIRUBHASHNI LOGANATHAN, NORAZRIENA YUSOFF, MUHAMAD ZHARIF SAMION, KAVINTHERAN THAMBIRATNAM, Analysis of the effects of arc-shape fibre structure on the performance of passively mode-locking thulium/holmium-doped fibre laser, Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials - Rapid Communications, 19, 11-12, November-December 2025, pp.475-483 (2025).
Submitted at: May 22, 2025
Accepted at: Dec. 2, 2025
Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials - Rapid Communications
(2024): Impact Factor = 0.4 - Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2025)
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